low phase duration and low intensity tens

TENS following a Peripheral Nerve InjuryĬomplex regional pain syndrome type II (CPSII) is defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain as a chronic condition that can develop following a peripheral nerve injury.

Thus, clinically, after the early, acute phase of inflammation, TENS may be more effective in reducing pain and hyperalgesia. However, 24 hours later, when inflammation was still acute, and 2 weeks later, when inflammation was chronic, TENS reduced both primary hyperalgesia and secondary hyperalgesia. Thus, clinically, TENS could be effective in reducing radiating pain and secondary hyperalgesia but likely not primary hyperalgesia shortly after injury. In a preclinical study on rats by Vance et al (Jan, 2007), it was shown that TENS was ineffective in reducing primary hyperalgesia in the early, acute phase of inflammation, 4 hours after induction.However, of note, secondary hyperalgesia was reduced in this early, acute phase of inflammation. ( 5) However, in the tissue surrounding the ulcers, the blood flow increase was substantially less.

In another study, in patients with chronic leg ulcers, low-frequency TENS (2 Hz) of the highest tolerable intensity, but not by low-intensity stimulation, increased microcirculation. Wikstrom et al ( 3), in their study, concluded that skin blood flow in participants who were healthy was increased with TENS of low frequency (2 Hz) but not with TENS of high frequency (100 Hz). The possible mechanisms that have been suggested for an increase in blood flow following TENS treatment, include : segmental inhibition of sympathetic vasoconstriction, release of vasodilator peptides from sensory neurons, and the muscle pump action of contracting muscles. The effects of TENS on blood flow have been investigated in a number of studies. Stop Your Pain NOW before it becomes Chronic – as you read all about T.E.N.S., you will begin to understand why you can’t afford to waste anymore time getting less than everything life has to offer!

Low phase duration and low intensity tens